Poland is opting for a new site for its entry into the nuclear energy of the future. The first small modular nuclear power plant is being built in Włocławek. The energy company Orlen confirmed the construction after laying the foundations for close cooperation with Synthos Green Energy. The two companies agreed on a financing and operating model. In 2023, the Włocławek site was one of six locations evaluated for the deployment of the BWRX-300. In addition to Włocławek, Orlen Synthos Green Energy (OSGE) also evaluated Ostrołęka, Stawy Monowskie, Dąbrowa Górnicza, Nowa Huta, and the Tarnobrzeg Special Economic Zone. (world-nuclear-news: 28.08.25).
Approvals and Site Assessments
The Ministry of Climate Change issued initial decisions for the six planned projects at the end of 2023. A further approval followed in February: The Environmental Protection Agency defined the framework for the environmental assessments in Włocławek and Ostrołęka. OSGE thus initiated detailed site analyses covering both ecological and technical aspects.
At the same time, Orlen and Synthos Green Energy signed an expanded agreement for their joint company, OSGE. This agreement includes two key points: First, a new statute that ensures equal rights for both partners. At the same time, it strengthens Orlen’s influence on strategic corporate decisions. A steering group will assume operational control and coordinate future reactor projects.
Access to BWRX-300 technology
The second part of the agreement concerns technology transfer. OSGE received access to the BWRX-300 standard design from the USA. Orlen emphasized: “This will enable the implementation of the first SMR in Włocławek – a location of strategic importance.” A dedicated subsidiary will be responsible for construction and project coordination.
This technology transfer gives Poland a clear advantage. SMR Poland thus becomes a focus of international developments, while Orlen has the opportunity to shape Europe’s energy future with the Orlen SMR.
Strategic Importance for Europe
“Poland will receive the first BWRX-300 SMR in Europe,” explained Ireneusz Fąfara, CEO of Orlen. According to him, the company is building the energy system of tomorrow. Negotiations to secure Orlen’s direct access to US technology have been ongoing for over a year. This places the nuclear power plant in Włocławek at the center of a new European energy policy.
The technical characteristics of the BWRX-300 are considered crucial. With a capacity of 300 MWe, the reactor utilizes water-cooled, natural circulation and passive safety systems. It is based on the licensed ESBWR technology from the US regulator, complemented by the proven GNF2 fuel design. This combination promises a reliable, carbon-free energy source for the next decade.
International Reference Projects
A look at Canada underscores the practical benefits. Ontario approved the construction of a BWRX-300 reactor at the Darlington complex. This project serves as a benchmark for OSGE and demonstrates how a nuclear power plant based on modular reactors can be implemented. This creates a solid foundation for SMR Poland that builds confidence.
With the Włocławek site, Orlen is pursuing an ambitious goal. Thanks to the close partnership with Synthos Green Energy, the Orlen SMR is gaining momentum. Small modular reactors enable a reduction in dependence on fossil fuels and offer the prospect of a climate-neutral future. At the same time, with SMR Poland, Poland is positioning itself as a pioneer in Europe.